Cognitive Map
- A mental representation of the layout of one’s environment.
- For example, after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it.
Latent Learning
Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it
InTrinsic Motivation
A desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake
Extrinsic MOtivation
A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment
Learned HelplessNess
The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
Internal Locus of Control
The perception that you control your own fate
External Locus of Control
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate
Problem-Focused Coping
Attempting to alleviate stress directly – by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor
Emotion-Focused Coping
Attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one’s stress reaction
Self-Control
The ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for greater long-term reward